Scientists are still working on that question."The judge said he did not intend to take any evidence in closed proceedings. Instead, transcripts of daily evidence will be posted as soon as possible on an Internet site to make the inquiry as open as possible.The members of the inquiry panel besides the judge are June Bridgeman, formerly deputy chair of the Equal Opportunities Commission, and Professor Malcolm Ferguson-Smith, a genetics expert from the University of Cambridge.Those wishing to give evidence can write to the BSE Inquiry at PO Box 163, London SE29 7UZ, or phone 0845 602-1013. But Lord Justice Phillips said "If, at the end of the day, we think that criticism is justified, we shall not hesitate to say so."The inquiry has no powers to subpoena witnesses, nor to force them to speak on oath. But Lord Justice Phillips sounded confident that potential witnesses would not fear reprisal.

"We have heard that ministers are prepared to give evidence," he said, adding that the head of the civil service has given assurances that no civil servant who gives evidence will face disciplinary proceedings as a result.But he admitted it was impossible to give any such assurances to members of the animal feed, slaughterhouse or rendering industries, which have been strongly implicated in the BSE crisis.The inquiry's terms of reference are to focus on the time from that BSE emerged up to 20 March 1996, when the previous administration said the probable cause of "new variant" CJD was exposure to BSE. The primary object will be to find out the facts and what went wrong, and what lessons can be learnt."However if the inquiry determines that some people were at fault they will be given the chance to respond - with advice from lawyers if necessary. There are still thousands of BSE cases in Britain every year, though the number is falling steadily.Announcing the agenda for the inquiry yesterday, Lord Justice Phillips said "We shall be considering the actions taken, and whether those actions were adequate. But, says Charles Arthur, Science Editor, the timetable is tight - the report is due by the end of this year.

Former government ministers have agreed to face questions from the inquiry into the BSE crisis, launched yesterday by Lord Justice Phillips. Civil servants and workers from the animal feed industry are also being encouraged to act as whistleblowers, and give evidence about the conditions, practices and decisions made behind closed doors that led to the spiralling epidemic of "mad cow disease", which has so far led to the deaths of 23 people from its human version, and infected more than 100,000 cattle, while costing the country billions of pounds in lost export business and disposal costs. The BSE inquiry, which starts hearings in March, will aim to establish what led to the crisis which engulfed the beef industry, and has killed 23 people. Despite tons of rubble descending on them, only four workshop employees were injured and all made full recoveries.Jim Messenger, 71, whose son John, 34, suffered head injuries in the accident was told of the outcome of the investigation yesterday. Inspectors at the HSE are next week expected to announce details of the prosecution over a crash at Bexley in Kent in February last year. A train operated by English Welsh Scottish, a rail freight company, was derailed, sending wagons smashing into arches under a viaduct and wrecking workshops. He said: "I have been seeking compensation for this accident. It was amazing no one was killed."A summons is expected to be served next week.

It is not known if EWS or any companies whose goods were being carried on the wagons face prosecution.- Randeep Ramesh, Transport Correspndent. "Similarly, other companies have used the power of digital technology to make things for children. But now the power is in the hands of the children." Logo is a simple computer language which was widely used in British schools in the 1980s to teach children about programming ideas. With it, they could use a computer to program a self-powered "turtle" to explore its environment.The new Lego bricks can be programmed in a similar way.